1st picture...
My 73 NON A/C car doesn't have those wires. I just looked on my old harness. My guess is that it has something to do with A/C.
2nd picture...
dodj is correct. That's the factory connector. This made for easy hookup at the factory. The engines were completely wired up sitting on the K-members...then the bodies were dropped over them. The only wiring hookups that needed to be completed were that large connector, the oil pressure wire, the tachometer wire and the NSS harness connector.